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Ruth
Clark Radakovich and Svetozar Radakovich are best
known for the innovative sculpture and jewelry
they created during the late nineteen fifties,
sixties, and seventies. While both artists were
classically trained in painting and drawing, it
was not until they married that they began to
explore the techniques and media of the jewelry
and sculpture for which they became known.
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They worked in metal,
wood, stained glass, enamel, plastic, and even
fiberglass and crafted everything from large abstract
objects d'art to intricately carved doors. Ultimately,
Ruth and Svetozar developed their casting expertise
to move into jewelry making where they did their
pioneering work in creating "wearable sculpture."
The unique pieces they wrought decades ago still
surprise and delight the contemporary eye.
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Svetozar
studied at the Royal Academy of Art in Belgrade
for six years and in 1939 he received a Master
of Arts in painting. At 21, Svetozar performed
his required military service and was recalled
in 1941 when the war broke out.
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In charge of a demolition squad, he
was captured and sent to a German prison camp,
from which he escaped. He was then drafted into
the Russian partisan army, escaped, was arrested
again, and sent back to prison. He escaped again
as the war finally drew to a conclusion.
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Ruth
spread her formal training out, attending Sarah
Lawrence, Mills, and the University of Michigan
at Ann Arbor where she majored in anthropology
and minored in art. Like many young women during
the war years, Ruth took time out to work in a
bomber factory.
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was also learning to fly a plane in the hopes
of getting into the Air Force. A case of amoebic
dysentery, contracted in Peru while she was studying
anthropology, kept her out of the military and
at home. |
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After the war, Ruth volunteered to
work with the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation
Administration (UNRRA) and was sent to Belgrade
to work as a secretary in 1946. It was here
that she met Svetozar, who had been hired by
UNRRA to work in the art department. When they
met, they were unable to speak to each other
in a common language but Svetozar soon communicated
what he was feeling. "Me Toza" (a family nickname),
"you Jane" seemed to say it all, and soon the
young Serb and the American girl were planning
a future together.
As
Shakespeare observed, "the course of true love
never does run smooth" and it took Svetozar
and Ruth seven years to finally be together.
The first hurdle was to get Svetozar out of
communist Yugoslavia. After approaching the
Ministry of the Interior for a visa for Svetozar
to enter the US, Ruth was expelled from Yugoslavia
and Svetozar came under suspicion from the government.
He was then hired to work in the art department
of the prestigious national magazine, Jugoslavia,
and Ruth went home to the States. For many,
these events might have signaled the end, but
Svetozar and Ruth were determined, and kept
their long distance relationship very much alive.
During their separation
they developed some very creative and clandestine
communications techniques. Notes went back and
forth between them stuffed in pill bottles and
hidden under watercolor paintings. Ruth sent
carefully disguised supplies as the authorities
watched Svetozar closely. Finally, they devised
what seemed to be a feasible escape plan. Ruth
sent Svetozar a small inflatable boat that he
would use to go to Italy, where Ruth would be
waiting for him. When the craft was discovered
and confiscated, Svetozar stole a navy boat
and headed for Bari, Italy, a ninety minute
trip. About halfway across the Adriatic, the
engine died and Svetozar worked frantically
to fix it. One hour later, the motor roared
to life just as a navy plane spotted him and
fired warning shots into the water. As the Italian
shoreline came into view, a Yugoslav navy patrol
boat pulled alongside and took Svetozar into
custody. Svetozar was again arrested and taken
to prison, this time by the government he had
just defended in WWII. Ruth waited helplessly.
When she did not hear from him she contacted
his mother to inform her that the escape had
failed.
With
Ruth out of the country, the formidable task
of getting Svetozar released fell to his mother.
After six months, she prevailed, and Svetozar
went back to work for Jugoslavia magazine.
Then, with no warning, the government inexplicably
relaxed its vigil and Svetozar was granted an
artist's visa to go to Paris as the magazine's
art editor. Thus, in late 1952, Svetozar arrived
in Paris, the city of artists, and was transformed
from political prisoner to free citizen in one
day. His sense of freedom left him breathless
and he spent days mesmerized by the streets
and the free life around him. He could do what
he wanted; no more sneaking around and no more
secret police. He wrote to Ruth and waited.
She came as fast as she could; their separation
was over.
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Freedom
had its price, however, and the bureaucracy of
France required that Svetozar renew his visa every
three days. After a year and a half of non-stop
frustration, the couple decided to go to Denmark,
the only country that would accept a Yugoslav
refugee. In Copenhagen, they studied jewelry casting
with Mogens Bjorn Anderson and Svetozar was included
in a show at the Copenhagen Handwork Museum and
at the Gallery Binger. |
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At last, news came that the Embassy
would allow the couple to marry. They moved
back to France, and in early 1955 they were
wed. Galerie Marseilles gave Svetozar a one-man
show and his work was exhibited in a "Discoveries"
show, and featured in Realities magazine
as a "young discovery." Then, after filing thirty-three
documents and paying fifteen thousand francs
to the French, Svetozar was given his papers
to enter the US. They waited for places on the
ship, and during their last six months in Europe,
the couple studied filigree, acquiring yet another
technique.
In
1955, they arrived in New York and settled in
Rochester where they continued their studies
in metalsmithing at the School for American
Craftsmen at the Rochester Institute of Technology.
They learned precision casting from their dentist
and Svetozar won several awards for his painting.
He received an appointment to teach painting,
drawing, and design at the School for American
Craftsmen in 1955 and, in 1958, he began teaching
metalwork at the Memorial Art Gallery, University
of Rochester, where Ruth was also teaching.
In Rochester, they found an ideal life. Their
colleagues, most of whom became life-long friends,
were a group of like-minded craftsmen. By 1959,
they had two children and decided to move to
California.
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In Encinitas, Ruth and Svetozar shared
their family, a studio where their art took
form, and a driving need to explore the natural
world and mine its secrets. Next to their small
wood and concrete house they built a studio
where they could create their art, often in
the company of their daughters Jeanie and Saika.
The studio quickly filled with equipment for
working in all the media they explored.
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Besides
painting and metal work, they learned to work
in wood, stained glass, enamel, plastics, stone
and fiberglass. For a period, Svetozar was making
large outdoor sculptures. One of the family
favorites was a colorful climbing structure
he made for his daughters in response to Ruth's
request to keep the children off the furniture.
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In 1961, Svetozar taught metalwork
at the University of Arizona in Tucson where
he met Charles Loloma, and later, Verma, Nequatewa,
Charles' niece. They began a long friendship
which brought him to their Hopi Reservation
many times to exchange metalworking techniques.
Svetozar also taught briefly at San Diego State
University and in 1966 established bronze casting
as a course there. As Svetozar's career as a
designer-craftsman became more demanding, he
stopped teaching at SDSU. He later taught a
jewelry casting class at Palomar College in
the early 1970s.
The
life that these two had worked so hard to have
together, ended too soon when Ruth died in 1975
at the age of 54. The creative force that grew
from their partnership continued to inform Svetozar's
work. In 1985, Svetozar was honored as one of
"California's Living Treasures." He passed away
at age 80 in 1998. During their prolific career,
the Radakovich's work was exhibited both nationally
and internationally. Today, this exquisite work
endures with individual owners, permanent collections,
and retrospectives such as this.
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Copyright 2004 All rights reserved. No images or HTML on this site may be used without the express written consent of Jean Radakovich
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